专利摘要:
The invention relates to a clockwork mechanical movement comprising at least one energy storage means arranged to drive a gear train of which an output gear is arranged to pivot about a motor axis, and comprising a rotary resonator (10) which comprises at least one central mobile (1), arranged to pivot about a central axis (A), and comprising an input mobile (2) arranged to cooperate with the output mobile, this rotary resonator (10) comprises a plurality of inertial elements (3) each arranged to pivot with respect to the central mobile (1) about a secondary axis (B) perpendicular to the central axis (A) and each biased towards a rest position, relative to at the central mobile (1), by at least one elastic return element (4), and each secondary axis (B) passes through the center of mass of the inertial element (3) associated therewith.
公开号:CH714019A2
申请号:CH00968/17
申请日:2017-07-26
公开日:2019-01-31
发明作者:Winkler Pascal;Helfer Jean-Luc;Di Domenico Gianni;Cosandier Yves-Alain
申请人:Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a mechanical clockwork movement comprising at least one energy storage means arranged to drive a gear train, an output mobile of which is arranged to pivot around a motor axis, and comprising a rotary resonator which comprises at least one central mobile, arranged to pivot about a central axis, and comprising an input mobile arranged to cooperate with the output mobile.
The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a movement.
The invention relates to the field of time bases for mechanical clockwork movements.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Most current mechanical watches are equipped with a balance spring and a Swiss lever escapement. The balance-spring constitutes the time base of the watch. It is also called a resonator. The exhaust, meanwhile, fulfills two main functions:
- maintain the comings and goings of the resonator;
- count these back and forth.
In addition to these two main functions, the exhaust must be robust, resist shock, avoid jamming the movement (overturning), and foolproof over time.
The most commonly used Swiss lever escapement has a low energy efficiency, on the order of 30%. This low efficiency comes from the fact that the movements of the exhaust are jerky, that there are falls or lost paths that are necessary to accommodate the machining dispersions, and also from the fact that several components transmit their movement. via inclined planes which rub against each other.
权利要求:
Claims (25)
[1]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The aim of the present invention is to suppress the jerks of the exhaust, in order to increase the yield. To achieve this objective, a rotary resonator is proposed, characterized in particular by the possibility of maintaining the rotation by a torque applied directly to the axis of the resonator, thus avoiding the dynamic losses of a conventional anchor escapement.
Historically, watchmakers have not considered rotary resonators as a time base for watches because rotary resonators are generally not isochronous, and they are moreover sensitive to gravity, therefore to the position of the watch in the gravity field.
[0009] A mechanism like the Watt regulator can constitute a rotary resonator base, but at the cost of modifications to make it isochronous and insensitive to gravity. Indeed, the Watt regulator is sensitive to its orientation in the gravity field, because the overall center of mass of the two weights moves when the amplitude changes: the weights go up along the axis when the amplitude increases. Consequently, the contribution of gravity to the restoring force fluctuates with orientation. In addition, the watt regulator is anisochronous because the return force of the weights, by spring and / or by gravity does not meet certain conditions.
The invention therefore endeavors to fulfill the conditions which make it possible to have a rotary resonator usable as a time base for a time instrument:
- condition of isochronism: existence of elastic restoring forces (or elastic potential) causing on the center of mass of each half-arm a central force of intensity proportional to the distance between the axis of rotation and the center of mass half arm;
- condition of insensitivity to positions: use of at least two guided half-arms, so as to be able to move their center of mass away from the axis of rotation, while maintaining the overall center of mass of the resonator in a fixed position;
- condition of zero reaction forces in the support: use of arms distributed symmetrically around the axis, to cancel the reactions in the pivots at all amplitudes.
To this end, the invention relates to a mechanical clockwork movement according to claim 1.
The invention also relates to a watch comprising such a movement.
Brief description of the drawings [0013] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
fig. 1 shows, schematically and in perspective, a first variant of a resonator mechanism according to the invention, produced on the basis of the pantograph resonator mechanism according to demand
CH 714 019 A2
EP 16 195 399 by the same applicant, but where the pivoting of the inertial elements is orthogonal to the pivoting of the drive;
fig. 2 shows, similarly to FIG. 1, another variant of a resonator mechanism according to the invention, simplified by eliminating the articulated kinematic links;
fig. 3 shows the detail of a rotary resonator mechanism, similar to that of FIG. 2, comprising a central mobile arranged to pivot about a central axis, and with respect to which are movable, along an orthogonal axis, two flat inertial elements, returned to the central mobile by elastic return means here constituted by elastic vee thin blades;
fig. 4 is a variant in which the elastic return means are constituted by flexible guides with crossed blades, each flexible guide comprising two levels and one blade per level, these two blades intersecting in projection on a pan parallel to those of the levels;
fig. 5 is a plan view of a first arrangement comprising two such asymmetrical crossed blades, in a particular arrangement arranged to create a return torque proportional to the sine of twice the pivot angle;
fig. 6 is a plan view of a second arrangement comprising two blades forming an RCC pivot with offset center of rotation, in a particular arrangement arranged also to create a return torque proportional to the sine of twice the pivot angle;
fig. 7 shows, schematically and in perspective, a movement comprising such a rotary resonator, of central axis parallel to the main axis of display of the movement;
fig. 8 shows, schematically and in perspective, a movement comprising such a rotary resonator, of central axis perpendicular to the main axis of display of the movement.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments Application EP 16 195399 from the same applicant relates to a resonator mechanism for a clockwork movement, comprising an input mobile mounted to pivot around an axis of rotation and subjected to a driving torque, and comprising a central mobile, integral in rotation with this input mobile about the axis of rotation and arranged to rotate continuously. This resonator mechanism comprises a plurality of N inertial elements, each mobile according to at least one degree of freedom relative to the central mobile, and returned towards the axis of rotation by elastic return means, which are arranged to cause a return force. on the center of mass of the inertial element. This resonator mechanism has a symmetry of rotation of order N. This resonator mechanism comprises means of kinematic connection between all the inertial elements, and which are arranged to maintain, at all times, all the centers of mass of the inertial elements at the same distance from the axis of rotation, and the elastic return means cause an elastic potential characterized by a particular relationship. More particularly, this resonator mechanism has a pantograph type structure.
It is a question here of improving such a mechanism. Indeed, the drive torque and the aerodynamic resistance torque generate a radial force which is added to the elastic potential, and disturbs the isochronism.
The present invention proposes to orient the pivoting of the inertial elements differently, so as not to disturb the isochronism by training or tangential aerodynamic forces. Fig. 1 illustrates a variant of a resonator mechanism according to the invention, where the pivoting of the inertial elements is orthogonal to the pivoting of the drive.
[0017] FIG. 2 shows that the complex articulated connection of the mechanism of FIG. 1, resulting directly from the application EP 16 195 399, can disappear in favor of a very simple structure: the present invention has the advantage of combining the driving mobile and the resonator in a single entity very simple to produce.
This mechanism avoids the shocks and friction inherent in badly tuned groove or rod-crank drive mechanisms.
The invention avoids the unnecessary multiplication of elastic elements, between the plate and the inertial element on the one hand, and between the driving mobile and the inertial element on the other hand.
Thus, the invention relates to a mechanical movement 100 of timepieces comprising at least one energy storage means 200, such as a barrel or the like, arranged to drive a gear train 300 of which an output mobile is arranged for pivot around a motor axis.
This movement 100 includes a rotary resonator 10, which comprises at least one central mobile 1, arranged to pivot around a central axis A.
More particularly, this central axis A is parallel or perpendicular to the motor axis.
The central mobile 1 comprises an input mobile 2, which is arranged to cooperate with the output mobile.
CH 714 019 A2 According to the invention, the rotary resonator 10 comprises at least one inertial element 3 arranged to pivot relative to the central mobile 1 around a secondary axis B perpendicular to the central axis A and intersecting with it , and returned to a rest position, relative to the central mobile 1, by at least one elastic return element 4, and this secondary axis B passes through the center of mass of the inertial element 3 which is associated with it.
More particularly, the rotary resonator 10 comprises a plurality of inertial elements 3, each arranged to pivot relative to the central mobile 1 around a secondary axis B perpendicular to the central axis A and intersecting with it, and each returned to a rest position, relative to the central mobile 1, by at least one elastic return element 4.
And each secondary axis B passes through the center of mass of the inertial element 3 which is associated with it.
More particularly, this at least one elastic return element 4 is arranged to apply to the respective inertial element 3 a couple with an elastic return moment, according to the relationship:
Μ (θ!) = 1/2 · ω3 2 · (l2-l 3 ), sin 2θ Ί , where θι is the angle of inclination of the inertial element 3 relative to its rest position which is its position of equilibrium when stopped, where ω 3 is the speed of rotation of the central mobile 1, which is therefore the pulsation of the resonator, where l 2 is the inertia of the inertial element 3 with respect to a transverse axis E perpendicular to both to the central axis A and to the secondary axis B, and where l 3 is the inertia of the inertial element 3 with respect to the central axis A.
More particularly, this rotary resonator 10 has, in a rest position, a rotational symmetry about the central axis A, of order N, where N is an integer, greater than or equal to 2.
More particularly, the inertial elements 3 that comprises the rotary resonator 10 are, in a rest position, in rotational symmetry about the central axis A, of order N, where N is an integer, greater than or equal to 2.
More particularly still, each inertial element 3 has a rotational symmetry of order 2 around its secondary axis B.
In a variant, at least one elastic return element 4 is fixed at a first end to the central mobile 1, and at a second end to the inertial element 3.
In another variant, which can of course be combined with the previous one, at least one elastic return element 4 is fixed at a first end to an inertial element 3, and at a second end to another inertial element 3.
In yet another variant, visible in particular in FIGS. 3 and 4, each elastic return element 4 is fixed at a first end to the central mobile 1, and at a second end to an inertial element 3.
More particularly, and as visible in the illustrated embodiments, not limiting, all the inertial elements 3 of the same rotary resonator 10 are arranged to pivot around a common secondary axis B.
In particular variants visible in particular in FIGS. 3 and 4, at least one said inertial element 3 is at least 5 times longer than wide, and at least 5 times wider than thick.
In an advantageous embodiment, the rotary resonator 10 comprises at least one flexible guide, to ensure the pivoting and the elastic return of at least one inertial element 3 relative to the central mobile 1.
This flexible guidance can be achieved in different ways: flexible blades or collared blades, arranged in a crossed plane, or in parallel and crossed planes projected on one of these parallel planes, or even arranged in an RCC configuration (Remote Center Compliance) that is to say with a remote center of rotation, the blades making a vee between them, or others.
The use of such flexible guides to perform the function of rotary guide and elastic return makes it possible to eliminate the friction inherent in a traditional pivot of the shaft-bearing type, or the like.
According to the embodiment, these flexible guides can be either attached to the central mobile 1 and / or on an inertial element 3, or be integral with at least one of the two, or both. The monobloc executions can be in micro-machinable material, implemented by “Liga” or “Mems” process or similar, in at least partially amorphous material, in silicon and silicon oxide, in “DLC” (diamond like carbon), Or other.
More particularly, this flexible guide is a pivot with blades which are, or crossed coplanar, or crossed in projection on a projection plane perpendicular to the central axis A as in the embodiment of FIG. 4. This configuration has the advantage of guaranteeing excellent walking performance.
It is advantageous that the overall center of mass remains fixed, and that the cumulation of any parasitic displacements of the individual centers of mass of the inertial elements, during their pivoting, vanishes. In other words, the overall center of mass of all the rotary resonator 10 remains fixed regardless of the amplitude. This can be obtained in particular by the combination of geometric symmetry in rotation, and by the choice of identical flexible guides for the entire rotary resonator 10: each inertia element! 3 which composes it is recalled by the same flexible guide.
CH 714 019 A2 The use of crossed blades, in particular geometries, also makes it possible to ensure that the return torque caused by the flexible guidance on each of the inertial elements is proportional to the sine of double the pivoting angle of this inertial element 3.
Two particular arrangements, in no way limiting, are described below to explain the means of achieving this.
FIG. 5 shows a pivot with asymmetrical crossed blades: this flexible guide is arranged to impart to the inertial element 3 a return torque proportional to the sinus of twice the pivot angle of said inertial element 3. This flexible guide comprises two flexible blades 31 , 32, asymmetrical each joining a first recess 41,42, of the central mobile 1 to a second recess 51,52 of the inertial element 3. These first recesses 41,42, define with the second recesses 51, 52, respective two directions main blades DL1, DL2. The central mobile 1 and the inertial element 3 are each more rigid than each of the flexible blades 31, 32. The two main directions of blades DL1, DL2, define a theoretical pivot axis D, at their crossing when these two flexible blades 31 , 32 are coplanar, or at the intersection of their projections on the projection plane when the two flexible blades 31, 32, develop on two levels parallel to the projection plane but are not coplanar as in the case of FIG. 4, and at an apex angle equal to 112.5 °. The second 32 of these blades has, between its opposite recesses, a second total length L2 three times the first total length L1 of the first 31 of the blades. And the distances between the first recesses 41, 42, and the theoretical pivot axis D are, for the second blade 32 a second axial distance D2 equal to 0.875 times the second total length L2, and, for the first blade 31, a first axial distance D1 equal to 0.175 times the first total length L1.
[0045] FIG. 6 shows an RCC configuration, with offset center of rotation, which is not produced in a single piece, but where the blades are angularly constrained by a small angle, in the vicinity of at least one of their ends, for example by introduction a laterally offset slot relative to the theoretical blade direction. The flexible guidance produced by this particular RCC pivot also makes it possible to create a torque proportional to the sine of twice the angle, said flexible guidance is produced by a pivot pivot with offset center of rotation constituting a virtual pivot, the embedding of which blades 31, 32, in housings 51, 52, which comprises the central mobile 1 and / or the inertial element 3 results from an angular preload of 0.15 radians, with a torsion at embedding, the angle at the top which form the directions of the recesses of the blades 31, 32, at the level of the virtual pivot is 52.642 °, and the distance between the virtual pivot and the closest recess is equal to 0.268864 times the length of each of the blades 31.32, which are identical here, between their recesses in the free state before the prestressing of their end.
More particularly, this flexible guide is thermally compensated.
More particularly still, this flexible guide comprises blades of oxidized silicon, on which a differential growth of silicon dioxide during a heat treatment makes it possible to put under strong prestressing elements of smaller section, such as blades at within a single unit.
In the variant of FIG. 1, the rotary resonator 10 comprises, articulated with certain inertial elements 3, additional kinetic connecting elements 5, which constitute with these inertial elements 3 an articulated structure of pantograph type, and which are arranged to increase the radial deployment of the rotary resonator 10 by limiting its height along the central axis A.
In the variant of FIG. 7, the movement 100 comprises at least one main axis P of display by needles or discs, and the central axis A is parallel to this main axis P.
In the variant of FIG. 8, the central axis A is this time perpendicular to the main axis P.
For example, the gear train output mobile 300 is an endless screw, arranged to cooperate with a pinion which constitutes the input mobile 2.
In particular, the rotary resonator 10 comprises only two or three inertial elements 3. Indeed, a compromise is to be found between performance and size, and a resonator with two inertial elements in rotation symmetry ensures performance required.
In an advantageous variant, the pivoting of the central mobile 1 is carried out on at least one magnetic pivot, so as to obtain the best efficiency.
The invention also relates to a mechanical watch 1000 comprising at least one such movement.
The present invention has important advantages:
- the elimination of the friction work of the pivots of a conventional balance spring, to increase the quality factor of the resonator;
- the elimination of exhaust jerks in order to increase the exhaust efficiency;
- the increase in the power reserve of current mechanical watches;
- increasing the precision of current mechanical watches.
For a given size of movement, it is expected to quintuple the autonomy of the watch, and to double the regulating power of the watch. This amounts to saying that the invention allows a gain of a factor of 10 on the performance of the movement.
CH 714 019 A2
claims
1. Mechanical clockwork movement (100) comprising at least one energy storage means (200) arranged to drive a train (300) of which an output mobile is arranged to pivot around a motor axis, and comprising a rotary resonator (10) which comprises at least one central mobile (1), arranged to pivot about a central axis (A), and comprising an input mobile (2) arranged to cooperate with said output mobile, characterized in that said rotary resonator (10) comprises at least one inertial element (3) arranged to pivot relative to the central mobile (1) about a secondary axis (B) perpendicular to said central axis (A) and intersecting with it, and returned to a rest position, relative to said central mobile (1), by at least one elastic return element (4), and further characterized in that said secondary axis (B) passes through the center of mass of said inertial element (3) associated with it.
[2]
2. Movement (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that said rotary resonator (10) comprises a plurality of inertial elements (3) each arranged to pivot relative to the central mobile (1) about a secondary axis ( B) perpendicular to said central axis (A) and intersecting with it, and each returned to a rest position, relative to said central mobile (1), by at least one elastic return element (4), and further characterized in that that each said secondary axis (B) passes through the center of mass of said inertial element (3) which is associated with it.
[3]
3. Movement (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one elastic return element (4) is arranged to apply to said inertial element (3) a couple with an elastic return moment, according to the relationship : Μ (θ!) = 1/2 · (O3 2 · (I2-I3), sin 2θι, where θι is the angle of inclination of said inertial element (3) relative to its said rest position which is its equilibrium position when stationary, where (D3 is the speed of rotation of said central mobile (1), where l 2 is the inertia of said inertial element (3) with respect to a transverse axis (E) perpendicular to both said central axis (A) and to said secondary axis (B) and where l 3 is the inertia of said inertial element (3) with respect to said central axis (A).
[4]
4. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said rotary resonator (100) has, in a rest position, a rotational symmetry around said central axis (A), of order N , where N is greater than or equal to 2.
[5]
5. Movement (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that said inertial elements (3) that comprises said rotary resonator (10) are, in a rest position, in rotational symmetry about said central axis (A), d 'order N, where N is greater than or equal to 2.
[6]
6. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one said inertial element (3) has a rotational symmetry of order 2 around its said secondary axis (B).
[7]
7. Movement (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that each said inertial element (3) has a rotational symmetry of order 2 around its said secondary axis (B).
[8]
8. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one said elastic return element (4) is fixed at a first end to said central mobile (1), and to a second end to said inertial element (3).
[9]
9. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one said elastic return element (4) is fixed at a first end to a said inertial element (3), and to a second end to another said inertial element (3).
[10]
10. Movement (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that each said elastic return element (4) is fixed at a first end to said central mobile (1), and to a second end to said inertial element (3).
[11]
11. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that all of said inertial elements (3) are arranged to pivot about a common secondary axis (B).
[12]
12. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one said inertial element (3) is at least 5 times longer than wide, and at least 5 times wider than thick.
[13]
13. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that said rotary resonator (10) comprises at least one flexible guide for ensuring the pivoting and the elastic return of at least one said inertial element (3 ) with respect to said central mobile (1).
[14]
14. Movement (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that said flexible guide is a pivot with blades which are, or crossed coplanar, or crossed in projection on a projection plane perpendicular to said central axis (A), or in the center offset rotation.
[15]
15. Movement (100) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that said flexible guide is arranged to impart to said inertial element (3) a restoring torque proportional to the sine of twice the pivot angle of said inertial element (3 ).
[16]
16. Movement (100) according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that said flexible guide comprises two flexible blades (31; 32) asymmetrical each joining a first recess (41; 42) of said central mobile (1) to a second recess (51; 52) of said inertial element (3) said first recesses (41; 42) defining with
CH 714 019 A2 said second recesses (51; 52) respective two main directions of blades (DL1; DL2), said central mobile (1) and said inertial element (3) each being more rigid than each of said flexible blades (31; 32 ), and said two main blade directions (DL1; DL2) defining a theoretical pivot axis (D), at their intersection when said two flexible blades (31; 32) are coplanar, or at the intersection of their projections on said plane of projection when said two flexible blades (31; 32) develop on two levels parallel to said projection plane but are not coplanar, and at an apex angle (a) equal to 112.5 °, in that the second (32) of said blades has, between its opposite recesses, a second total length (L2) triple the first total length (L1) of the first (31) of said blades, and, in that the distances between said first recesses (41; 42) and said pivot axis th orique (D) are, for said second (32) of said blades a second axial distance (D2) equal to 0.875 times said second total length (L2), and for said first (31) of said blades a first axial distance (D1) equal 0.175 times said first total length (L1).
[17]
17. Movement (100) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that said flexible guide is produced by a pivot with blades with offset center of rotation constituting a virtual pivot, including the embedding of the blades (31; 32) in housings (51; 52) that comprises said central mobile (1) or said inertial element (3) results from an angular preload of 0.15 radians, in that the apex angle formed by the directions of the embedding of said blades (31; 32) at the level of said virtual pivot is 52.642 °, and in that the distance between said virtual pivot and the nearest embedding is equal to 0.268864 times the length of each of said blades (31; 32) between their embeddings at l free state before the prestressing of their end.
[18]
18. Movement (100) according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that said flexible guide is thermally compensated, and comprises blades of oxidized silicon.
[19]
19. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that said rotary resonator (10) comprises, articulated with certain said inertial elements (3), additional kinetic connecting elements (5) constituting with said inertial elements (3) a pantograph type structure, and which are arranged to increase the radial deployment of said rotary resonator (10) by limiting its height along said central axis (A).
[20]
20. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that said movement (100) comprises at least one main axis (P) for display by needles or discs, and in that said central axis ( A) is parallel to said main axis (P).
[21]
21. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that said movement (100) comprises at least one main axis (P) for display by needles or discs, and in that said central axis ( A) is perpendicular to said main axis (P).
[22]
22. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that said movable outlet from said train (300) is a worm.
[23]
23. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that said rotary resonator (10) comprises only two or three said inertial elements (3).
[24]
24. Movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the pivoting of said central mobile (1) is carried out on at least one magnetic pivot.
[25]
25. Mechanical watch (1000) comprising at least one movement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 24.
CH 714 019 A2
CH 714 019 A2
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同族专利:
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引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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JP2015143673A|2013-12-27|2015-08-06|セイコーインスツル株式会社|Balance with hairspring, movement, and timepiece|
CH710115A2|2014-09-09|2016-03-15|Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd|Mobile module for synchronization of clock of the same frequency resonators.|
CH710692B1|2015-02-03|2021-09-15|Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse|Clockwork oscillator mechanism.|
EP3254158A1|2015-02-03|2017-12-13|ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse|Isochronous timepiece resonator|
EP3054356B1|2015-02-03|2017-12-13|ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse|Isochronous clock resonator|
CH713069A2|2016-10-25|2018-04-30|Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse|Mechanical watch with rotary isochronous resonator, insensitive to positions.|EP3812843A1|2019-10-25|2021-04-28|ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse|Flexible guide and set of stacked flexible guides for rotary resonator mechanism, in particular for a clock movement|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
EP17183211.6A|EP3435173B1|2017-07-26|2017-07-26|Mechanical movement with isochronous rotary resonator, which is not position-sensitive|
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